Floor and ceiling



Aug.14,1934. l E HOYER V 1,970,309

FLOOR AND CEILING Filed Jan. 28, 1933 Patented Aug. 14, 1934 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

Application January 28, 1933, Serial No. 654,065 In Germany January 29,1932 2 Claims.

Floors consisting of joists with blocks between them, suitable for usewithout floor boards and plaster ceilings, have heretofore in most casesbeen constructed in one or other of two ways. In one case there is afairly thick concrete layer placed upon the joists and blocks, and thislayer, with the joists, affords the structural strength, the blocksbeing merely fillers. In the second case the blocks are of the fullthickness of the floor and have a load bearing function, there being nocontinuous concrete layer. Floors of this second kind are cheaper toconstruct, and my invention is concerned with such floors.

According to my invention the blocks between the joists are supported bytransverse bearers, which rest upon the joists, and also by bodies ofconcrete in which the joists are embedded.

Various methods may be adopted for supportthe blocks on the castings ofconcrete enveloping the josts. The surfaces of the blocks facing thejoists may be farther apart at the top than at the bottom, so that awedge effect is obtained, or the said surfaces may have recesses intowhich concrete penetrates, to anchor the blocks. In the case of blockswhich have passages extending through them, perpendicular to the joists,the poured concrete may iiow some distance into these passages beforesetting, and thus interlock with the blocks.

The invention is illustrated in the annexed drawing, showing examples ofconstruction.

Fig. 1 is a section of part of a oor, taken transversely of the josts,and

Fig. 2 is a section thereof parallel with the joists.

Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 2 but illustrating a modification ofa detail.

Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 1, with blocks of a differentconstruction,

Fig. 5 being a cross-section thereof.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the blocks.

Referring first to the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the floorshown comprises parallel joists a of H-section placed at uniformintervals, and bodies b which I shall refer to generally as blocks,placed between the joists. The blocks b are supported by transversebearers c, which rest upon the bottom flanges of the joists. Thesebearers c may be made of wood, metal, reinforced concrete or any otherconvenient material.

The blocks b may be made of any convenient material, and may be of anyconvenient length. They have passages extending through them, parallelwith the joists.

The bearers c form the sole supports of the blocks till the concrete ispoured in, and thereafter continue to afford an element of structuralstrength for bearing the load on the floor. Where the blocks face thejoists they have lnclined surfaces b1, whereby they are Vsupported uponthe concrete. At the top the surfaces b1 are farther apart than at thebottom, the top edges being set back with reference to the edges of thebottom b2.

Where the blocks placed end to end between parallel joists meet eachother, or nearly meet, there are small recesses g at the top edges, andthese recesses are also filled with concrete e. Fig. 3 shows amodification in which these recesses are much deeper than in Fig. 2,extending down to the transverse bearers. The bearers, marked c1 in Fig.3, are roughly of inverted T- shape, and may consist of concrete.

Fig. 4 shows a modification in Which the blocks have passages fextending transversely of the direction of the joists. Portions ofconcrete el penetrate into these passages, for interlocking with theblocks.

Fig. 6 shows in perspective a block which has lateral channels c. andend surfaces b1 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, but has no passages extendingthrough it.

It will of course be understood that there may be a plaster or likecoating on the under surface, for ceiling purposes, and that the top mayalso be coated or dressed if desired.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States 1s:-

l. A floor consisting of joists, hollow blocks between said joists, ofthe full thickness of the floor and having portions projecting undersaid joists, so that said joists lie inl channels substantially closedat the bottom, concrete castings in said channels, wholly envelopingsaid joists, and transverse bearers supported by said joists andsupporting said blocks.

2. A oor consisting of joists, series of hollow blocks between saidjoists, having recesses in the upper portions of their meeting faces,said blocks being of the full thickness of the floor and having portionsprojecting under said joists so that said joists lie in channelssubstantially closed at v the bottom, concrete castings in saidchannels, n

EWALD HOYER.

